Herb of the Day: Skullcap (
Sculletaria Baicalensis) (and other species)
This is another herb which has been used for hundreds of years. The Native Americans used this herb to treat a variety of ailments including women's reproductive issues. It was also used in coming of age ceremonies and smoked to induce visions. Varieties of this plant have been used in Nepal to treat fevers and colds.
Properties: This plant has anti-inflammatory, astringent, and calming properties. It helps maintain a healthy menstrual cycle. It treats insomnia, epilepsy, headaches, and anxiety. It is also given for the DTs and helps those who are withdrawing from sedatives or narcotics.
This plant is currently being considered as a "medicine crop".Cautions: Too much of this plant may make you shaky or giddy.
The Science:Sato et al. (2000) showed antibacterial properties of apigenin and luteolin in the crude extracts of S. barbata. Constituents were selectively toxic to Staphylococcus aureus, including both methicillin-resistant and sensitive strains. Flavones isolated from S. baicalensis roots were found inhibitory to HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus) by Li et al. (1993), to HTLV-I (human T cell leukemia virus type I) by Baylor et al. (1992), and to mouse skin tumor promotion (Konoshima et al. 1992). Plant extracts of S. rivularis have shown anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity in test animals (Ching and Den 1996). Akishiro et al. (1992) were awarded a patent for therapeutic use of a flavone from S. baicalensis, as sialidase enzyme inhibitor of the influenza virus. It has been suggested that baicalin may play a significant role in lipid metabolism through lipogenic and lipolytic pathways of adipose cells (Eun et al. 1994; Chung et al. 1995). Scutalpin C, one of the diterpenoids from Scutellaria, has shown strong insect antifeedant bioactivity against the Spodoptera littoralis larvae (Munoz et al. 1997). Studies have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) including superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals, contribute to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (Halpern et al. 1995). In vitro studies revealed that baicalein can directly scavenge ROS (Shieh et al. 2000; Shao et al. 1999) protecting cells from lethal damage.
And
Numerous herbal formulations including PC SPES from BotanicLab, Brea, California, Zyflamend PM and Zyflamend Creme from New Chapter, and Migra-Profen from Gaia Herbs, all of which contain Scutellaria as an ingredient, are currently available in the market. In recent years, Scutellaria-based herbal formulations have been employed to establish its medical/scientific value using in vitro cell culture systems (Li et al. 1993; Shao et al. 1999; Sato et al. 2000; Chen 2001). Scutellaria baicalensis and S. lateriflora are the two species which have been used in most of the herbal formulations. Since there are over 300 Scutellaria species distributed all over the world other Scutellaria species need to be evaluated. Our current research here at FVSU focuses on the Scutellaria species found in and around the state of Georgia (Table 1). Some of these species are becoming rare or threatened because of population pressure, environmental pollution, and destruction of their natural habitat (Patrick et al. 1995). Future studies are planned to include propagation, cultivation, and conservation of native Scutellaria germplasm. Many of the skullcaps have showy, beautiful blooms and there is a great potential for these species as ornamentals.
http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/ncnu02/v5-580.html![](http://www.naturalheritage.com/!UserFiles/gallery/Bush%27s%20Skullcap-Scutellaria%20bushii%20-%20Pelton.jpg)