files

[joannaingram84]

American pattern files are generally used for fast material removal where a precision finish is not required.

Coarseness grades are identified as:
   *bleep* cut: for heavy removal with coarse finish.
   Second cut: for light removal with fair finish.
   Smooth cut: for fine finishing work.

Cut types include:
   Single cut: used with light pressure for finishing or sharpening.
   Double cut: used with heavier pressure for rougher finishes.

source Backstage Handbook: An Illustrated Almanac Of Technical Information by Paul Carter

[joannaingram84]

Swiss Pattern files are made to more exacting measurements than American Pattern files to assure precision smoothness. They are primarily finishing tools used on delicate and intricate parts. Uses include removing burrs, shaping and finishing narrow grooves, notches and keyways and enlarging small holes.

Swiss Pattern files come in grades of coarseness (cut No.) ranging from No. 00, the coarsest, to No. 4, the finest.

source Backstage Handbook: An Illustrated Almanac Of Technical Information